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What properties does the alloying element manganese have on the material properties?

Mangan Mn:

  • In combination with sulfur, manganese sulfides are formed (MnS).
  • The result: strength, hardness and hardenability decrease
  • Manganese prevents the sulfur from forming undesirable compounds with iron to form iron sulfide
  • Iron sulfide (FeS) leads to red fracture of the material
  • Red fracture = breakup of the red-hot steel (800 - 1000°C) during deformation
  • Manganese expands the austenite area