A tool is a means of work or production. As a system of physical components, it makes it possible to carry out specific concrete work in the first place. It fulfills its purpose only within the framework of its handling by a human being or as a component within a machine or apparatus.

A tool should function for a long time. What does it have to withstand?

• high thermal stress
• high mechanical stress

If one of these two stresses exceeds the load limit of a tool material, tool wear occurs. Progressive tool wear leads to tool failure and breakdown of the manufacturing process.